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| Organization of Data |
Ques.1) What is Classification?
Ans. It is a technique in which the collected data is arranged into different groups or classes according to their characteristics
Ques.2) Write the objective of classification?
1. The main objective of classification is to condense the mass of data to make them easily understandable.
2. Classification makes data more attractive and effective
3. It makes data comparable and estimative.
4. Classification increases utility of the data as it bring out similarity within in the diverse set of data.
Ques.3) Write the character tics of good classification?
1. Ans. Comprehensiveness = Classification of the raw data should be so comprehensive that each and every item of the data gets into some groups or class no item should be left out.
2. Homogeneity= All items in a group or class must be homogenous or simpler to each other.
3. Clarity= Classification of the raw data into classes should be absolutely clear and simple that is there should be no confusion about the placement of any item in a group.
4. Elastic or flexibility = Classification should be elastic there should be scope for change in the classification matching with the change in the purpose or objective of our study.
Ques.4) Explain the different method of classification?
1. Ans. Geographical or spatial classification = When the data is classified according to geographical locations such as countries , states , cities, districts etc. is called spatial classification.
For example yield of wheat for different countries
Country Yield of wheat(kg per aceres)
America 1925
Brazil 127
China 93
Denmark 225
France 439
India 861
2. Chronological classification = When the data are classified on the bases of the time such as years ,quarters, months or weeks etc. is called chronological classification.
For ex: population of India in Crore
Year Population (crore)
1951 35.7
1961 43.8
1971 54.6
1981 68.4
1991 81.8
2001 101.7
3. Quantitative or numerical classification = When data are classified into classes or groups on the bases of numerical value like weight height marks is called quantitative classification.
For ex:
Marks No of students
30-40 100
40-50 50
50-60 35
60-70 8
70-80 7
total 200
4. Qualitative classification =When data are classified on the bases of qualities or attributes is called qualitative classification this may be of two type.
a) Simple classification= when classification is done on the bases of two attributes such as employed(employed or unemployed) and sex (male or female)then this type of classification is two classification.
b) Manifold classification = when classification is done on the bases of more than two attributes then it is called manifold classification.
Ques.5) What is variable give the difference between discrete and continuous variable?
Ans. A characteristics which is capable being measured and changes it value over time is called variable.
It can be divided in two groups
(a) Discrete variable
(b) Continuous variable
(a) Discrete variable= discrete variable refer to these variable that increase in jumps or in a definite number or complete number and not expressed in fraction.
Ex: the number of class could be 1,2,3,4,5 but not in ½,1/4etc.
(b) Continuous variable = continuous variable is that variable than can take numerical value it may take integral value (1,2,3,4,5) fractional value (1/2,2/3..)are values that are not exact.
Ques.6) Define raw material?
Ans. raw data are those data which are collected by the investigator they in their original form crude form.
Ques.7) Define statistical series?
Ans. Arranging of data in different classes according to given order is called statistical series.
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