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| Collection of Data |
Ques.1) What are the various source of data?
Ans. There are two type of source of data
I. primary source (data)
2 .secondary source (data)
Ques.2) Difference between primary and secondary data
Ans
Primary data Secondary data
Primary data are those data which are collected by investigator for his own purpose for the first time from beginning to end. Secondary data are those data which are already collected by someone for some other purpose and it is available in published form.
Primary data are original. Secondary data are less expensive and there is no much labour required
Primary data are costlier in term money and efforts(labour) Secondary data are not original
Ques.3) State the different method of collecting primary data describe there merits and demerits?
1.Direct personal investigation (personal interviews)
Define= in this method of collecting primary data the investigator collects the information personally from the sources concerned.
MERITS
I. 1.This method ensures high degree of accuracy.
II. Data have a high degree of originality.
III. This method of collecting data is flexible (elastic) because the investigator can bring certain changes in the question to be asked to the people.
DEMERITS
I. This method requires a long time and involves a lot of money.
II. This method is not good when the area of the study is very wide.
III. This method is prone to personal bias of the investigator.
2.Indirect oral investigation = In this method information is not obtained directly by the person whose information is taken from other person is called witness.
MERIT
I. This method can be applied for wide area
II. This method is relatively less expensive then direct interview.
III. This method is relatively free from the personal bias of the investigator
DEMERIT
I. The data collected by this method is less accurate.
II. There is possibility of personal bias all the witness giving information.
III. This method may lead to the doubtful conclusion due to carelessness of the witness.
3.Information from local sources and correspondents = In this Information method investigator does not get information himself. rather he appoint a local agent for correspondents in different places for collecting data.
MERITS
I. This method is quite economical in terms of time ,money or efforts involved.
II. This method is when the area of investigation is wide.
III. In this method correspondents in different places for collecting.
DEMERITS
I. Data collected this method are not reliable and accurate.
II. This method is suffer from personal bias of the correspondent
III. Collected data lack uniformly because they are collected different correspondents.
4.Information through questionnaires and schedules =Under this method the investigator prepares questionnaires keeping in view the objective of enquiry .
There are two ways of collecting information from this method.
a) Mailing or mailed method
b) Enumerator’s method
A)mailing method = In this method informants a letter is attached with the questionnaires giving the purpose of enquiry the informants reply the question and return to the investigator.
MERITS
I. This method is economical in terms of money effort and time.
II. This method allows wide area of study.
III. This method is original therefore fairly reliable.
DEMERITS
I. In this method the informants do not take interest in questionnaires and failed to return them
II. This methods lacks flexibility.
III. If the informants are biased then the information will also be biased.
B) Enumerator’s method= In this method questionnaires are prepared according to purpose of enquiry the enumerator himself goes to information with the questionnaires.
MERITS
I. This method is capable of a wide area.
II. There is a fair degree of accuracy in the results.
III. In this method there is personal contact with information therefore accurate and right answer and obtained.
DEMERITS
I. This is very expensive method of investigation because of the involvent of trained investigation
II. This method is time consuming because there.is need of specialized training.
. 5Telephone interview= In telephone interview the investigators asks question over the telephone these days some interview and email are also popular.
MERITS
I. Telephone method is very cheap.
II. It takes less time and labour.
III. Telephone interview is better in the cases where the respondents are relevant to answer certain question in personal interviews.
DEMERITS
I. People who do not have phones can not be taken interview.
II. The reaction of informants can not be wanted over telephone.
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